MODELING:

The perception of the world can be described as a succession of phenomena. From the beginning of time man has sought to discover them, whether they understand them or no. It’s apparent that an interpretation of the world is necessary, which must be sufficiently abstract to avoid being affected by the dynamics of the world (the small changes) and should be robust enough to represent that the data and the world are related. A tool like this is called data model, which can represent more or less reasonable some reality. The data model allows abstractions of the world, allowing focus on the macros, without worrying about the specific, so our concern is focused on generating a representation scheme, and not the values of the data.

Models can be called somewhat verbal, physical, mathematical and resolution model, where the latter can be divided into two types, one as an analytical solution model and other as numerical solution model.

The analytical solution model is considered as direct and accurate for linear problems, simple geometry, low dimension, few variables and problems come to regard as ideal.

The numerical solution model is considered approximate, using iterations, nonlinear problems, complex geometries, various sizes, and depending on many variables, then it would be a solution to a real problem.

Another important model is the computational model, basically this is responsible for keeping a mathematical language model in a computer language for this to be processed on a computer.

In the oil industry the models we use as a tool in reservoir characterization, where this is divided into two classes: static and dynamic characterization.

The static characterization is responsible for the reservoir geology, it is considered that this does not change with time and manages the structural, stratigraphic, sedimentological, petrophysical and geo statistics models.

Structural model: is responsible for reservoir geometry, structure and x-ray of it.

Stratigraphic model: define the sequence of sedimentary rocks and their facies.

Sedimentological model: defines the type of environment in which were deposited or which formed it in sedimentary rocks.

Petrophysical model: analyzes the variables of petrophysical properties such as porosity, permeability, etc..

Geostatistical models: Find the petrophysical properties between wells.

The dynamic characterization is responsible for the properties of reservoir fluids, because they change over time.